Effect of testosterone replacement therapy on scar quality in gender-affirming mastectomies.

BACKGROUND: The term transgenders refer to people who sense discordance between their gender identity and the sex assigned to them at birth. Some transgenders receive hormonal therapy, which may lead to specific skin conditions. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a causal relationship exists between hormonal therapy (specifically testosterone therapy) and unsatisfying surgical scarring, including hypertrophic and keloid scars. In addition, this study may serve as a basis for future studies, which may test means that aim to reduce such undesired effects. METHODS: In this retrospective, observational cohort study, data were collected regarding 170 patients who underwent mastectomy as a gender-affirming surgery by the senior author between 2003 and 2021. The medical records were analysed to obtain personal, medical (including the duration of testosterone treatment) and surgical information from the patients' medical files. A blinded evaluator assessed the surgical scars by reviewing the postoperative clinical pictures of the patients. The scars were rated using the validated Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES). The use of pictures to assess surgical scars is described in the validation study of the SBSES and is, therefore, accepted. RESULTS: In total, 63 patients were included in the testosterone group and 63 were included in the non-testosterone treated group. The averages of the SBSES score were 2.74 and 2.66, respectively. The difference between the two averages was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In our retrospective cohort study, we did not find the effect of testosterone therapy on post-operative surgical scars to be significant. EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE (EBM) LEVEL: 3.

Male-to-female and female-to-male transsexual siblings with pedophilic father: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: The reported case was the fourth instance of MF-FM transsexual non-twin siblings, and their father had pedophilia. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether there is a genetic link between gender dysphoria (GD) and pedophilic disorder. Abstract: Gender dysphoria (GD) refers to a persistent incongruence between a person's experienced gender and assigned gender, causing discomfort or distress. Family studies and reports of GD co-occurrence in a family can help clarify whether GD is a familial phenomenon. In this case report, a male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transsexual sibling pair with a father with pedophilia was presented, which is a rare occurrence. More research is necessary to understand the potential genetic connection between GD and pedophilia.

Dietary Supplement Use in Transmasculine People: Results of an Online Survey of Volunteer Adults.

INTRODUCTION: Health inequities and disparities in nutrition research exist among transmasculine people. A dearth of evidence on dietary supplement use and motivations exist, partially due to constrained collection of sex and gender identity in national surveys. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate common motivations and use of dietary supplements in a voluntary survey of transmasculine people. METHODS: A total of 48 participants completed an online survey detailing dietary supplement use, motivations, and demographic information. RESULTS: 64.5 and 90.0% of participants reported use of 1+ dietary supplement within the past 30-days and during some point in their lifetime, respectively. Top reported product types used included multivitamins (52%), melatonin (52%), vitamin D (46%), vitamin C (35%), fish oil (33%), B-vitamins or B-complex (31%), iron (29%), green tea (29%), biotin (25%), cranberry (23%), zinc (23%), protein powder (23%), probiotics (23%), and calcium (21%). There was no relationship between the number of supplements reported and participant age, BMI, income, or mastectomy status (p > 0.05). Participants reported top motivations being for "improving my overall health" (60.4%), "maintaining health" (54.2%), to "supplement my diet due to not getting enough from food"(41.7%), "mental health" (39.6%), and to "prevent colds, boost immune system" (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Transmasculine people in our study reported a high use of dietary supplements. Differences in the types of products and number of products used, as well as specific motivations for use likely exist within this subpopulation, however, future nationally-representative longitudinal studies are needed to fully elucidate these patterns and for informing evidence-based nutrition guidance.

Impact of Wendler glottoplasty on acoustic measures and quality of voice in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Since new evidence regarding the impact of Wendler glottoplasty (WG) on the voice in transgender women became available in the literature in recent years, we aimed to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the actual safety and efficacy of WG in the process of vocal feminization. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for English-language articles published until July 4, 2023. Studies were found eligible if they evaluated the impact of WG on the acoustic-aerodynamic measures and quality of voice in transgender women. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were identified. After exclusion of three studies due to incomplete data, 20 studies including 656 patients were included in the meta-analysis. After WG, there was a significant increase of fundamental frequency, speaking fundamental frequency, and lower limit of the frequency range (p < 0.001). Concurrently, a significant reduction of frequency range and maximum phonation time was observed (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between the pre- and postoperative values regarding the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain scale score (p = 0.339). The overall score in the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) significantly improved after WG (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: WG is an effective voice feminization method in transgender women, associated with a high procedural success and low risk of postoperative complications. Significantly improved TWVQ score after surgery suggests its positive impact on the voice-related quality of life. Postoperative decrease of maximum phonation time and frequency range does not seem to significantly impact the effectiveness of voice production.

Sequential Wendler Glottoplasty and Laser Reduction Glottoplasty for Voice Feminization.

OBJECTIVE: Voice feminizing surgery is frequently needed for transgender female patients. Among several surgical options, Wendler glottoplasty (WG) and laser reduction glottoplasty (LRG) are two endoscopic procedures. However, because a single procedure may not produce sufficient benefit, the two surgeries may sometimes be sequentially performed. This study was carried out to present the voice results of such sequential surgeries. METHODS: This is an individual retrospective cohort study, performed at a tertiary referral center, that is a university hospital. 18 transgender patients were treated with WG initially and then underwent LRG; 17 had LRG first then WG. All 35 cases were performed during a 15-year period and followed for at least 1 year postoperatively. Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30), transsexual voice questionnaire (TVQ), and acoustic analysis with /a/ and running speech were obtained pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: VHI and TVQ improved significantly postoperatively (p < 0.05). Their preoperative, first, and second postoperative mean sF0 were 146, 175, and 215 Hz, respectively; these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Their postoperative mean jitter percent, shimmer percent, noise to harmonic ratio (NHR), cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and cepstral spectral index of dysphonia (CSID) worsened significantly compared to preop values (p < 0.05); however, mean postoperative acoustic results were still within normal limits. Patients' self-ratings of their postsurgery voices revealed all feminine, leading to a patient gratification score of 100%. CONCLUSION: If transgender female patients are unsatisfied with their voice after WG or LRG, the addition of the alternative procedure may significantly feminize their voice. Sequential WG and LRG is a successful surgical option for voice feminization. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 134:1133-1138, 2024.

[Facial feminization, history, evolution of objectives]. / Féminisation faciale, historique, évolution des objectifs.

The author's experience dates from 1990, during the period when he was in charge of the feminization of the facial skeleton in order to improve the social integration of male transsexual patients. Very quickly, these techniques were extended to genetic women who wanted a more feminine face. This facial skeletal surgery was then supplemented with soft tissue surgery. This skeletal and volumetric surgery has become an important contribution in the search of facial rejuvenation and beauty.

[Ethical issues of gender reassignment surgery]. / Enjeux éthiques de la chirurgie de réassignation sexuelle.

Gender reassignment raises complex ethical issues. It questions gender identity and the right to self-determination. Some highlight the right to access the medical care necessary to live according to one's perceived gender. Others worry about the potential rush into major medical decisions, especially among minors. The need for a medical diagnosis of gender dysphoria can be seen as pathologizing. The requirement for surgery for marital status change, while not mandatory in many places, remains controversial. The balance between informed consent and access to treatment, as well as stigma and discrimination, contribute to the complexity of ethical issues. Finally, the issues surrounding the competence of health professionals, the quality of care and the integration of individual needs make these decisions particularly sensitive from an ethical point of view.

Comparing scrotoplasty complication rates in transgender and cisgender men: An ACS NSQIP study.

While masculinizing gender-affirming genital surgeries may include scrotoplasty, there has been limited research on the safety and outcomes of scrotoplasty among transgender men. We compared scrotoplasty complication rates between cisgender and transgender patients using data from the American College of Surgeon's National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Data was queried between 2013 and 2019 for all patients with procedure codes for scrotoplasty. Transgender patients were identified through a gender dysphoria diagnosis code. T-tests and Fisher's exact test were used to identify any differences in demographics, operative characteristics, and outcomes. The primary outcomes of interest were demographic factors, operative details, and surgical outcomes. A total of 234 patients were identified between 2013 and 2019. Fifty were transgender and 184 were cisgender. Age and BMI were significantly different between the two cohorts, such that the cisgender cohort was older (M trans = 38 years (SD:14), M cis = 53 years (SD: 15)) and had higher BMI than the transgender cohort (M trans = 26.9 (SD: 5.5), M cis = 35.2 (SD: 11.2)). Cisgender patients also had poorer overall health (p = 0.001), and were more likely to have hypertension (p = 0.001) and diabetes (p = 0.001). Race and ethnicity did not vary significantly between the cohorts. Operative details differed significantly between cohorts, such that transgender patients had a longer operating time (M trans = 303 min (SD: 155), M cis = 147 min (SD: 107)) and fewer transgender patients had a simple scrotoplasty (p = 0.02). The majority of gender-affirming scrotoplasties were performed by plastic surgeons (62%) whereas the majority of cisgender scrotoplasties were performed by urologists (76%). Despite these demographic and pre-operative differences, the number of patients who underwent complex scrotoplasty experiencing any of the tested complications did not differ by gender. Our results support scrotoplasty as a safe procedure for transgender patients, with no significant differences in outcomes between transgender and cisgender patients.

Effect of Endoscopic Glottoplasty on Acoustic Measures and Quality of Voice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The voice is an important marker of the transition process to the new gender identity of the transgender person. For 20% of patients seeking voice feminization, voice therapy is not completely satisfactory, and surgery should be considered, with endoscopic glottoplasty being the current practice. While the increase in fundamental frequency (F0) after glottoplasty has been well described, no systematic review of the literature or meta-analysis regarding other acoustic parameters and quality of voice has been performed yet. OBJECTIVE: To define the effect of endoscopic glottoplasty on acoustic measures and quality of voice by assessing F0, maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency range, and grade of dysphonia. METHODS: A literature review was performed in Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, LILACS, and Google Scholar, following PRISMA guidelines, with no constraints on publication date. We included studies in English, Portuguese or Spanish that assessed transgender women who underwent endoscopic glottoplasty. All the included articles were measured in terms of their methodological quality. RESULTS: The PRISMA approach yielded 14 studies, totaling 566 patients. There was significant heterogeneity between studies regarding follow-up time, surgical technique and perioperative care. Thirteen studies were submitted to meta-analysis. The results showed significant changes in pre- to postglottoplasty mean differences of F0 = 78.49 Hz (95%CI: 75.69-81.30), MPT = -1.11 seconds (95%CI -1.67 to -0.54), frequency range = -3.55 semitones (95%CI -5.74 to -1.36) and grade of dysphonia on the GRBAS scale = 0.44 (95%CI 0.27-0.61). CONCLUSION: Glottoplasty is effective in significantly increasing fundamental frequency, but slightly decreases MPT, frequency range and vocal quality measured by the grade of dysphonia on the GRBAS scale.

Atendimento na atenção primária à saúde: olhares de pessoas trans / Service in primary health care: perspectives of trans people / Atención primaria de salud: perspectivas de personas transgénero

Objetivo: conhecer as vivências e demandas de pessoas transexuais ao buscar serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com pessoas autodeclaradas transexuais que utilizam os serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de questionário on-line, esses foram submetidos à análise através de software livre para dados qualitativos e o corpus textual de pesquisa passou pela análise do tipo temático-categorial. Resultados: com a análise dos dados, foi criada a categoria: vivências e demandas no atendimento na Atenção Primária à Saúde, que representou 51,6% das Unidades de Registro. Conclusão: no cenário atual, a população trans ainda padece com dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de saúde e, portanto de terem seus direitos garantidos

Objectives: to know the experiences and demands of transgender people when seeking primary health care services. Method: descriptive research with a qualitative approach, conducted with self-declared transsexual scare people who use primary health care services. Data collection was performed through an online questionnaire, which were submitted to analysis through free software for qualitative data and the textual corpus of research was analyzed by thematic-category analysis. Results: with data analysis, two categories were created: experiences in primary health care, which represented 51.6% of the Registry Units. Conclusion: in the current scenario, the trans population still suffers from difficulties in accessing health services and therefore having their rights guaranteed

Objetivos: conocer las experiencias y demandas de las personas transgénero a la hora de buscar servicios de atención primaria de salud. Método: investigación descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo, realizada con personas autodeclaradas transexuales que utilizan los servicios de atención primaria de salud. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario en línea, que se sometió a análisis a través de software libre para obtener datos cualitativos y el corpus textual de investigación se analizó mediante análisis de categoría temática. Resultados: con el análisis de datos se crearon dos categorías: experiencias en atención primaria de salud, que representaron el 51,6% de las Unidades de Registro. Conclusión: en el escenario actual, la población trans aún sufre dificultades para acceder a los servicios de salud y, por lo tanto, tener garantizados sus derechos

O quixotesco ideal da equidade: trâns(itos) em uma sociedade pseudo-homogênea / The quixotesque ideal of equity in Costa Rica: trans(it) in a pseudo-homogeneous society

Resumo Introdução: A legitimidade da aspiração à equidade social como compreendida na atualidade é um fenômeno relativamente recente na história da humanidade. Adquire centralidade teórica e política no século XIX e expande-se através dos avatares do século XX, sendo objeto de leituras e interpretações distintas e, por vezes, contrapostas. Objetivo: Analisar os rostos das inequidades sofridas pela população trans da Costa Rica em situação de rua diante uma revisão narrativa. Método: Ensaio analítico reflexivo e argumentativo. Resultados: A construção transfronteiriça de uma sociedade (pseudo)homogênea tem conduzido a uma concatenação de violências sobre a população trans em situação de rua. De certa maneira, o ponto de partida deste olhar segregacionista repousa em uma sociedade que possui uma visão deteriorada sobre o significado real da equidade e inclusão social. Conclusões: Torna-se importante compreender a inequidade desenhada no espaço rua, entendendo esse como um hábitat que fortalece as distâncias/abismos sociais e sistematiza a exclusão de uma população já abandonada.

Abstract Background: The legitimacy of social equity as understood today is a relatively recent phenomenon in human history. It acquires theoretical and political centrality in the 19th century and expands through the avatars of the 20th century. Objective: To analyze the faces of the inequities suffered by the trans homeless population in Costa Rica through a narrative review. Method: A reflective and argumentative analytical essay. Results: The cross-border construction of a (pseudo)homogeneous society has led to a concatenation of violence against the homeless trans population. In a way, the starting point of this segregationist look rests on a society that has a deteriorated vision on the real meaning of equity and social inclusion. Conclusions: It seems important to understand the inequality drawn in the street space, understanding it as a habitat that strengthens social distances/gaps and that systematizes the exclusion of an already abandoned population.

Systematic review on health care for transvestites and transsexuals in Brazil / Revisão sistemática sobre a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To synthesize scientific evidence to characterize health care for transvestites and transsexuals in Brazil. METHODS This is a systematic review, conducted from July 2020 to January 2021 and updated in September 2021, whose protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) platform, under code CRD42020188719. The survey of evidence was carried out in four databases and eligible articles were evaluated for methodological quality, and those with a low risk of bias were included. RESULTS Fifteen articles were selected and the findings were grouped into six categories according to their thematic approaches: Possibilities to transform health care; Transvestiphobia and transphobia: violations inside and outside the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS); Professional unpreparedness to care for transvestites and transsexuals; Search for health care alternatives; Right to health for transvestites and transsexuals: utopia or reality?; The Transsexualization Process: advances and challenges. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence that health care for transvestites and transsexuals in Brazil is still exclusive, fragmented, centered on specialized care and guided by curative actions, resembling the care models that preceded the SUS and which have been heavily criticized since the Brazilian Sanitary Reform.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Sintetizar evidências científicas para caracterizar a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil. MÉTODOS Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, conduzida de julho de 2020 a janeiro de 2021 e atualizada em setembro de 2021, cujo protocolo está registrado na plataforma International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), sob o código CRD42020188719. O levantamento das evidências foi realizado em quatro bases de dados e os artigos elegíveis foram avaliados perante a qualidade metodológica, sendo incluídos aqueles com baixo risco de viés. RESULTADOS 15 artigos foram selecionados e os achados, de acordo com as suas aproximações temáticas, foram agrupados em seis categorias: Possibilidades para transformar a atenção à saúde; Travestifobia e transfobia: violações dentro e fora do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); Despreparo profissional para a atenção às travestis e transexuais; Busca por alternativas para a atenção à saúde; Direito à saúde para travestis e transexuais: utopia ou realidade?; O Processo Transexualizador: avanços e desafios. CONCLUSÕES As evidências revelam que a atenção à saúde para travestis e transexuais no Brasil ainda é excludente, fragmentada, centralizada no cuidado especializado e pautada por ações curativas, assemelhando-se aos modelos de atenção que antecedem o SUS e que são fortemente criticados desde a Reforma Sanitária Brasileira.

Transsexuality and health demands: representations of nursing students / Transexualidad y demandas de salud: representaciones de estudiantes de enfermería / Transexualidade e demandas de saúde: representações de graduandos de Enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the social representations of nursing students about transsexuality and the health demands of transsexual people. Methods: Qualitative, descriptive research with undergraduate nursing students from a public university in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The data came from a semi-structured interview and lexical analysis using Alceste 2012 software. Results: Transsexuality was represented as a transgression, with the transsexual person being objectified as unnatural because they do not identify with their biological sex. Hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgeries were understood as the main demands, being anchored in a pathologizing and medicalizing health sphere. However, the theme is not addressed during graduation, generating unpreparedness for professional life. Final considerations: The need to update the academic curriculum, as well as the way of thinking about the care of transsexual people, is essential and urgent for an integral and equitable care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las representaciones sociales de estudiantes de enfermería sobre la transexualidad y las demandas de salud de las personas transexuales. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva con estudiantes de graduación en enfermería de una universidad pública de Río de Janeiro/Brasil. Los datos provinieron de una entrevista semiestructurada y análisis léxico utilizando el software Alceste 2012. Resultados: La transexualidad fue representada como una transgresión, siendo objetivada la persona transexual como antinatural porque no se identifica con su sexo biológico. La terapia hormonal y las cirugías de reasignación de sexo fueron entendidas como las principales demandas, ancladas en un ámbito patologizante. ymedicalizando la salud. Sin embargo, el tema no es abordado durante la graduación, generando despreparación para la vida profesional. Consideraciones finales: La necesidad de actualizar el currículo académico, así como la forma de pensar la atención a las personas transexuales, es fundamental y urgente para una atención integral y equitativa.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as representações sociais dos graduandos de enfermagem acerca da transexualidade e as demandas de saúde das pessoas transexuais. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, com 28 graduandos em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. Realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada, no período de novembro de 2017 a março de 2018, e análise tipo lexical com auxílio do software Alceste 2012. Resultados: A transexualidade foi representada como uma transgressão, sendo a pessoa transexual objetivada como antinatural por não se identificar com seu sexo biológico. Terapia hormonal e cirurgias de redesignação sexual foram entendidas como as principais demandas, sendo ancoradas numa esfera patologizante e medicalizadora da saúde. A temática não é abordada durante a graduação, gerando despreparo para vida profissional. Considerações finais: Faz-se necessário ampliar as discussões sobre gênero na academia, tendo como propósito a transposição do imperativo da heteronormatividade, para que futuros enfermeiros estejam aparelhados para fornecer um cuidado integral e equânime.

[Sociology of transidentity]. / Sociologie des transidentités.

The issues concerning trans individuals cross our contemporary concerns. They are at the heart of new visibilities in television series, at the crossroads of controversy and misunderstanding in the world of sports, in the spotlight of transphobic violence, or in the case of problems within institutions, whether medical or academic. However, increased visibility does not always mean increased understanding.

[The suicidal activity and comorbid mental pathology in persons with gender dystrophia].

According to foreign publications, 58% of patients with gender disorders had additional psychiatric diagnosis, 39.3% had at least one suicide attempt. The data of suicidal activity and mental comorbidity in Russian population of transgenders are absent.Purpose of the study is to assess suicidal activity and mental comorbidity in persons with gender disorders.The retrospective analysis of records of patients applied with complains on gender disorders from January 2014 to April 2021 was applied. The demographic characteristics, life anamnesis, comorbid mental pathology at time of appliance, frequency of suicidal attempts, suicidal thoughts and auto-aggressive behavior were examined. The data of 926 patients with gender disorders were included: FtM 515 (55.7%), MtF 411 (44.3%). The median age of patients applied for care appliance was 24 years (13-65 years). In group of transgender patients 75.2% had no mental illness, except gender disorders. At that, there was high prevalence of comorbid mental pathology (24.8% on average). Usually, it was background mental illnesses and reversible mental disorders, which were not causes of gender disorders. The suicide rate in transgender group was 12.5%. For 1 patient with suicidal experience, there were 1.3 suicidal attempts (from 1 to 5). The significant dependence of increased suicidal activity, depression, auto-aggressive behavior and rate of comorbid mental pathology on age of debut of gender disorders was established. The transgender patients with debut of gender dysphoria in puberty age are most vulnerable to development of any mental pathology. The suicidal activity of patients with gender disorders depends on both social causes and presence of comorbid mental pathology. A number of modifiable risk factors for suicidal behavior were identified: support of relatives, external correspondence to associated gender, early steps to "change gender", earlier apply for medical care, background compensated mental illnesses.

Guías para el abordaje de infancias y adolescencias trans en el primer nivel de atención / Guidelines for approaching trans children and adolescents at primary care level / Recomendações para lidar com pais de crianças e adolescentes trans no primeiro nível de atenção

Introducción: en muchas oportunidades el/la pediatra o médica/o de familia será la primera persona a la que consulten los niños/as y adolescentes trans a fin de plantear sus dudas y experiencias, por lo tanto es fundamental que el/la profesional aborde en la consulta esta temática sin prejuicios, con una mirada actualizada en el marco de los derechos de niñas, niños y adolescentes. Objetivo: brindar herramientas para un adecuado acompañamiento y seguimiento en la atención en salud a las infancias y adolescencias trans en el primer nivel de atención. Metodología: para la elaboración de esta guía se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en Pubmed y Scielo. Se realizó dicha búsqueda desde 2010 a la fecha con el prescriptor "infancias trans", "adolescencias trans", en inglés y en idioma español. Resultados: se elaboraron guías para el abordaje en la atención en el primer nivel de atención de niños/as y adolescentes trans aportando herramientas para la historia clínica, teniendo en cuenta la entrevista, el examen físico y el abordaje multi e interdisciplinario. Conclusiones: las experiencias trans en las infancias y adolescencias no deben ser miradas desde un enfoque patologizador sino como vivencias legítimas. El/la profesional de la salud juega un rol fundamental en la función de acompañamiento y como garante de sus derechos promoviendo la autonomía en la toma de decisiones.

Introduction: many times pediatricians or family doctors are the first people trans-children and adolescents consult and raise questions and experiences to. Therefore, it is key for doctors to have an unbiassed approach to this issue in the consultation, with an updated view of the framework of children and adolescents. Objective: provide tools for proper health care support and follow-up ifor trans children and adolescents at primary care. Methodology: for the preparation of these guidelines, we made a bibliographic review in Pubmed, Scielo. This search was carried out from 2010 to date using "trans children", "trans adolescents" prescribers, in English and in Spanish. Results: guidelines were created for primary care regarding the care of trans children and adolescents, providing tools for medical records and considering the interview, the physical examination and the multi-interdisciplinary approach. Conclusions: trans experiences in childhood and adolescence should not be viewed from a pathologizing perspective, but rather as legitimate experiences. Health professionals play a key role in accompanying and guarding the rights of children and adolescents and promoting their autonomy in decision-making instances.

Introdução: em muitas ocasiões, o pediatra ou médico de família é a primeira pessoa que as crianças e adolescentes trans consultam para compartilhar suas dúvidas e vivências, por isso é fundamental que ele aborde a consulta sobre esse assunto sem preconceitos, com uma perspectiva atualizada no marco dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: fornecer ferramentas para suporte e acompanhamento adequados no atendimento da saúde de crianças e adolescentes trans no primeiro nível de atenção. Metodologia: para a elaboração deste guia, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica no Pubmed, Scielo. A pesquisa com as palavras "crianças trans", "adolescentes trans", vem sendo realizada desde 2010 até hoje em inglês e espanhol. Resultados: foram elaboradas diretrizes para a abordagem do cuidado no primeiro nível de atenção a crianças e a adolescentes trans, fornecendo instrumentos para a história clínica, levando em consideração a entrevista, o exame físico e a abordagem multidisciplinar. Conclusões: as experiências trans na infância e adolescência não devem ser vistas a partir de uma abordagem patologizante, mas sim como experiências legítimas. O profissional de saúde tem papel fundamental na função de acompanhamento e como garantidor de seus direitos, promovendo autonomia na tomada de decisões.

Genital Sensitivity and Perceived Orgasmic Intensity in Transgender Women With Gender Dysphoria After Gender-Affirming Surgery: A Pilot Study Comparing Pelvic Floor Evoked Somatosensory Potentials and Patient Subjective Experience.

BACKGROUND: The integrity of the neural pathways that link genital sensitive areas to the brain and the correlation with subjective sensations in transgender women with gender dysphoria after gender affirming surgery (GAS) have not been explored in detail and remain controversial, so far. AIM: To test with electrophysiology the integrity of the nervous paths after GAS, and to explore the relationship between genital sensitivity and self-perceived orgasmic intensity in transgender women after GAS. METHODS: Six patients who underwent GAS between 2016 and 2019 were enrolled in the study, and the evaluation of genital and pelvic neural pathways was performed. OUTCOMES: Genital sensory thresholds (at clitoral, vaginal, and anal sites) investigated by Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEP) and the intensity of orgasm (measured by a psychometric tool, the Orgasmometer) were combined to obtain an objective and subjective evaluation. RESULTS: SSEPs confirmed the integrity of the large diameter, dorsal column-lemniscus pathway subserving the genital area after GAS. Perceptual Threshold (PT) values were much lower at the neoclitoris compared to neovagina and anal sites. There was no correlation between Orgasmometer and SEP at anal and neovaginal level, while a trend was found at clitoral level. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: These findings could lead clinicians to a better understanding of postsurgical sexual life in transgender women in order to develop surgical techniques that could focus more on functional aspects of neovagina and neoclitoris. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS: Limitations: study very preliminary/exploratory; small number of patients; no long-term follow-up. Strengths: first assessment of sensory pelvic floor innervation in transgender women after GAS; use of objective methods; first attempt at correlating objectives findings to subjective experience of the sexual orgasm. CONCLUSIONS: Our evaluation showed that SSEPs is a good indicator of neural sensitivity, especially in neoclitoris, and that these measurements were consistent with the analysis of self-perceived orgasmic intensity. Canale D, Molinaro A, Marcocci C, et al. Genital Sensitivity and Perceived Orgasmic Intensity in Transgender Women With Gender Dysphoria After Gender-Affirming Surgery: A Pilot Study Comparing Pelvic Floor Evoked Somatosensory Potentials and Patient Subjective Experience. J Sex Med 2022;19:1479-1487.

Parenting intentions in transgender and gender-nonconforming adults.

OBJECTIVE: To assess parenting intentions, knowledge and attitudes regarding fertility preservation, and barriers to achieving parenthood in an adult transgender population. METHODS: This was a multi-center online cross-sectional study conducted at three university-affiliated and 15 community-affiliated clinics within a major US city. Inclusion criteria included being aged 18 years and older and self-identification as transgender, gender non-conforming or non-binary. Eighty respondents completed a 36-question survey regarding their transition and plans to achieve parenthood. We compared demographic characteristics to plan for transition using Chi-Square analysis. We compared options to achieve parenthood to plans for transition using ANOVA, Spearman's rho correlation coefficient, and a Kruskal Wallis H test. RESULTS: The mean desire to become a parent was 59.9 on a scale of 1-100. There was no significant association between plan for gonadectomy and reduced preference for the use of autologous gametes for parenting [H(2) = 1.309, P = 0.520]. The desire to have children was correlated with an increasing willingness to pause cross-sex hormones (rs  = 0.40, P < 0.01). Cost was identified as the largest barrier to fertility preservation (54.1%). CONCLUSION: The majority of transgender adults surveyed desire parenthood and this could be correlated with plan for transition including willingness to suspend cross-sex hormones.

Serviços de atendimento integral à saúde de transexuais e travestis no Sistema Único de Saúde: uma revisão integrativa / Comprehensive health care for transgender people and travestis in the Brazilian Unified Health System: an integrative review / Servicios de asistencia integral a la salud de transexuales y travestis en el Sistema Único de Salud: una revisión integrativa

Introdução: É inegável o cenário de marginalização institucional a que está exposta a população travesti e transexual. Isso inclui serviços mesmo no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Esse fenômeno, como apontam a literatura e os próprios movimentos sociais, apresenta-se principalmente no desrespeito ao nome social, na discriminação, na necessidade de diagnóstico para acesso a serviços e no despreparo das equipes de saúde. Para que se possam reduzir iniquidades históricas na constituição da assistência e da implementação de políticas públicas em saúde, é necessário caracterizar a assistência ofertada a essa população no âmbito do SUS. Objetivo: Analisar como se vêm constituindo os serviços de atendimento integral à saúde de pessoas transexuais e travestis no Brasil com base em uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o tema. Métodos: Este é um estudo de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratório. Foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura, buscando explorar o cenário de atenção à saúde trans atual no país. A busca foi conduzida nas bases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) no período de julho a setembro de 2020. Os critérios de inclusão foram ter temática referente a serviços públicos e nacionais de atenção à saúde trans e travesti, independentemente do nível de complexidade. Resultados: Foi realizada a leitura completa de 22 trabalhos. O cenário de atenção à saúde trans e travesti no âmbito do SUS consiste, majoritariamente, em serviços de atenção especializada e concentra-se no Sul do país, em grandes centros urbanos. Os dispositivos de saúde já existentes na rede não se mostram suficientes e capacitados para realizar assistência integral em saúde, com uma ótica que fuja à heterocisnormatividade e ao modelo patologizador biomédico das transidentidades. Modelos de serviços exitosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), contudo, estão modificando esse cenário. Conclusões: Serviços específicos para a população trans e travesti são necessários, pois operam na lógica de sanar iniquidades históricas sofridas por essa população. A APS é um cenário estratégico nesse cuidado e políticas públicas devem operar nessa perspectiva.

Introduction: The institutional marginalization scenario to which transgender people and travestis are exposed is undeniable. Even healthcare services in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) are part of this scenario. This situation, as suggested by the literature and social movements themselves, is mainly evidenced through disrespect regarding the social name, discrimination, the need for diagnosis to access services, and the unpreparedness of health teams. To reduce historical iniquities in the constitution of health care and in the implementation of public health policies it is necessary to characterize the health care provided to this population in the context of SUS. Objective: To analyze how comprehensive healthcare services have been constituted to transgender people and travestis in Brazil based on an integrative literature review. Methods:This is a qualitative and exploratory study. An integrative literature review was carried out, seeking to explore the current scenario of health care for transgender people in Brazil. The research was performed in LILACS, SciELO, and Portal de Periódicos CAPES databases, during July and September 2020. The inclusion criteria were topics concerning public Brazilian healthcare services for transgender people and travestis, regardless of the level of complexity. Results: A total of 22 studies were fully read. The scenario of health care for transgender people and travestiswithin the scope of SUS consists mainly of specialized care services and is concentrated in the south region of the country, in large urban centers. The health devices that already exist in the network are not sufficient and qualified to provide comprehensive health care, from a perspective other than heterocysnormativity and the biomedical pathologizing model of transidentities. Nevertheless, models of successful services in Primary Health Care (PHC) have been changing this scenario. Conclusions: Specific services for the population of transgender people and travestis are necessary, as they operate in the logic of remedying historical inequities faced by this population. PHC is a strategic scenario in this care, and public policies must operate from this perspective.

Introducción: El escenario de marginación institucional al que se ve expuesta la población travesti y transexual es innegable. Esto incluye servicios en el contexto del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) brasileño. Este fenómeno, como lo indica la literatura y los propios movimientos sociales, aparece principalmente por la falta de respeto al nombre social, la discriminación, la necesidad de diagnóstico para acceder a los servicios y la falta de preparación de los equipos de salud. Para reducir las inequidades históricas en la constitución de la asistencia y la implementación de las políticas públicas de salud, es necesario caracterizar la asistencia ofrecida a esta población en el ámbito del SUS. Objective: Analizar cómo se han constituido los servicios de atención integral de salud para transexuales y travestis en Brasil, a partir de una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre el tema. Methods: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio cualitativo. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura, buscando explorar el escenario actual de atención de salud trans en el país. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos del Portal de Revistas LILACS, SciELO y CAPES de julio a septiembre de 2020. Los criterios de inclusión fueron temas relacionados con los servicios públicos y nacionales de atención de la salud de personas trans y travestis, independientemente del nivel de complejidad. Results: Se realizó una lectura completa de 22 artículos. El escenario de atención de la salud para trans y travestis en el ámbito del SUS consiste principalmente en servicios de atención especializada y se concentra en el sur del país, en grandes núcleos urbanos. Los dispositivos de salud que ya existen en la red no son suficientes y calificados para brindar una atención integral de salud, a través de una óptica que escapa a la heterocisnormatividad y al modelo biomédico patologizante de las transidentidades. Sin embargo, los modelos de servicios exitosos en la atención primaria de salud están cambiando este escenario. Conclusiones: Son necesarios servicios específicos para la población trans y travestis, ya que operan en la lógica de remediar las inequidades históricas que sufre esta población. La APS es un escenario estratégico en esta atención y las políticas públicas deben operar desde esta perspectiva.